PASSIVE VOICE

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is perforing the action
Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice.
When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following :
- The object of the passive of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence.
- The finite form of the verb is changed ( to be + past participle)
- The subject of the active sentence become the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped).
Present
1. Simple Present Tense
S + is/am/are (to be) + V3
Sample : I am called by the father.
Rina is carried by the nurse.
2. Present Continous Tense
S + is/am/are (to be) + being + V3
Sample : Bizal is being called by the manager.
The machine is operated by me.
3. Present Perfect Tense
S +have/has + been + V3
Sample : The gas has been fuelled by the SPBU.
The bike has repaired by the mechanic.
4. Present Perfect Continous Tense
S +have/has + been + being + V3
Sample : I have been being called by the teacher.
The cat has been being bathed by me.
Past
1. Simple Past Tense
S + was/were + V3
Sample : We were scared by the movie
I was scratched by the glass
2. Past Continous Tense
S + was/were + being +V3
Sample : The glass has broked by my son
He was happied by his report.
3. Past Perfect Tense
S + had + been + V3
Sample : I had been finished my homework
The machine had been repaired by the technician
4. Past Perfect Continous Tense
S + had + been + being + V3
Sample : She had been being called by his boss
The bus has been being repaired by the mechanic
Future
1. Simple Future Tense
S + will + be + V3
Sample : She will be called by his boss.
The employee will be demonstrated on Jakarta tomorrow.
2. Future Continous Tense
S + will + be + being + V3
Sample : Tony will be being fired by the company.
Keane will be being going to Bali next week.
3. Future Perfect Tense
S + will + have + been + V3
Sample : She will have been graduated next month.
Rizal will have been played on his team tomorrow.
4. Future Perfect Continous Tense
S + will +have + been + being + V3
Sample : I will have been being bought a car by my father.
She will have been being sold the phone by his friend.

Passive Sentences With Two Objects
Rewriting an active sentece with two object in passive voice means that one of the two object become the subject, the other one remains an object. Which object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus.
Sample : I was written a letter by Rizal.
She was sold his phone by Razak.
Jill was borrowed the money by Jerome.

Personal and Impersonal Passive
Personal passive simply means that the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. So every verb that’s need an object (transitive verb) can form a personal passive.
Sample : The technician make a robots – Robots are made.

Impersonal passive is not as common in English as in some other language. In english, impersonal passive is only possible with verbs of perception (e.g say, think, know)
Sample : They say that the child can think faster than the oldman – Oldman are said to think faster than child.

Source : International Bussiness English Book, by Leo Jones and Richard Alexander, Printed by Cambride University Press; 1993

kelas : 4EA14